Spring创建Bean的过程Debug的详细流程

发布日期： 2026-01-12 阅读量： 作者： 用户投稿

Spring流程Debug

1.1 Spring测试环境搭建

Spring模块概览，绿色是模块，Spring中八大模块，黑色表示该模块包含的jar包（组件）。例如我们想要用IOC容器，也就是绿色的CoreContainer，我们需要导入Beans，Core,Context,SpEL（spring-expression）四个包。

Test：测试相关
Core Container：IOC容器
AOP：面向切面编程
Aspects：切面
Instrumenttation：跟JDK关联，一般不用
Messaging：消息服务，一般不用
Data Access/Integration：数据访问与集成（JDBC访问，Transaction事务，ORM对象关系映射，OXM和XML映射一般不用，JMS为Java消息服务Java-message-service一般不用）
Web：Web服务（WebSocket网络通信协议，Servlet, Web，Portlet一般不用）

最偷懒的方式，是直接导入Spring-Framework。但是可能导入不必要的包，导致项目打包后比较大

由于Spring-Content中的ApplicationContent是整个IOC的入口。我们导入Spring-context包即可

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
<dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
 <version>5.2.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

我们导入spring-content后，默认会导入该组件的依赖jar，spring-content底层的依赖可以看到，实际上我们是导入了Core Container模块：

 <dependencies>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
 <version>5.2.3.RELEASE</version>
 <scope>compile</scope>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
 <version>5.2.3.RELEASE</version>
 <scope>compile</scope>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
 <version>5.2.3.RELEASE</version>
 <scope>compile</scope>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
 <version>5.2.3.RELEASE</version>
 <scope>compile</scope>
 </dependency>
 </dependencies>

新建Spring配置文件spring.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

 <!--注册一个对象，spring回自动创建这个对象-->
 <!--
 一个bean标签就表示一个对象
 id:这个对象的唯一标识
 class:注册对象的完全限定名
 -->
 <bean id="hello" class="com.xiaodai.service.Hello">
 <!--使用property标签给对象的属性赋值
 name:表示属性的名称
 value：表示属性的值
 -->
 <property name="id" value="1"></property>
 <property name="name" value="zhangsan"></property>
 <property name="age" value="18"></property>
 </bean>
</beans>

编写测试类：

import com.xiaodai.service.Hello;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Test {

 public static void main(String[] args) {
 ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
 Hello hello = applicationContext.getBean("hello", Hello.class);
 System.out.println(hello.getName());

 }

}

1.2 Debug容器创建过程

从测试类的new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml")开始debug，进入ClassPathXmlApplicationContext，可以看到:

public ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
			String[] configLocations, boolean refresh, @Nullable ApplicationContext parent)
			throws BeansException {

		super(parent);
		// 设置配置文件路径
		setConfigLocations(configLocations);
		if (refresh) {
		 // 核心步骤
			refresh();
		}
	}

加载配置文件后，进入refresh()方法，该方法是容器初始化的核心步骤。该方法包含十三个方法：

 @Override
	public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
		synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
			// Prepare this context for refreshing.
			/** 
			 * 准备刷新，做一些最基本的准备化工作
			**/
			prepareRefresh();

			// Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
			/** 
			 * 获得一个刷新的bean容器，实质就是获取工厂。
			 * 加载xml等配置文件，用该文件产生的BeanDefinition来创建一个工厂
			**/
			ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

			// Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
			/**
			 * 准备bean工厂
			**/
			prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

			try {
				// Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
				// 后置增强，方便扩展
				postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

				// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
				// 实例化并且执行BeanFactoryPostProcessors
				invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

				// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
				// 实例化并且注册所有的BeanPostProcessor
				registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

				// Initialize message source for this context.
				// 国际化设置，一般用不到
				initMessageSource();

				// Initialize event multicaster for this context.
				// 初始化应用程序的多波器和广播器
				initApplicationEventMulticaster();

				// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
				// 空方法，预留给子类做扩展
				onRefresh();

				// Check for listener beans and register them.
				// 注册监听器
				registerListeners();

				// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
				// 工作中常用，面试常问。实例化所有非懒加载的实例对象
				finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

				// Last step: publish corresponding event.
				// 完成刷新
				finishRefresh();
			}

			catch (BeansException ex) {
				if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
					logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
							"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
				}

				// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
				destroyBeans();

				// Reset 'active' flag.
				cancelRefresh(ex);

				// Propagate exception to caller.
				throw ex;
			}

			finally {
				// Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
				// might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
				resetCommonCaches();
			}
		}
	}

1.3 AbstractApplicationContext的refresh()包含的13个方法分析

结合概览图一个一个方法分析：

方法1：prepareRefresh() => 准备工作

准备刷新，做一些最基本的准备化工作

protected void prepareRefresh() {
		// Switch to active.
		// 设置开始时间
		this.startupDate = System.currentTimeMillis();
		// 关闭状态设置为false
		this.closed.set(false);
		// 活跃状态设置为true
		this.active.set(true);

 // 打印日志
		if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace("Refreshing " + this);
			}
			else {
				logger.debug("Refreshing " + getDisplayName());
			}
		}

		// Initialize any placeholder property sources in the context environment.
		// 初始化属性资源
		initPropertySources();

		// Validate that all properties marked as required are resolvable:
		// see ConfigurablePropertyResolver#setRequiredProperties
		// 获取环境信息，验证属性信息
		getEnvironment().validateRequiredProperties();

		// Store pre-refresh
		// 存储预刷新的一些应用信息的监听器
		ApplicationListeners...
		if (this.earlyApplicationListeners == null) {
			this.earlyApplicationListeners = new LinkedHashSet<>(this.applicationListeners);
		}
		else {
			// Reset local application listeners to pre-refresh state.
			this.applicationListeners.clear();
			this.applicationListeners.addAll(this.earlyApplicationListeners);
		}

		// Allow for the collection of early ApplicationEvents,
		// to be published once the multicaster is available...
		// 创建一些监听器事件的集合
		this.earlyApplicationEvents = new LinkedHashSet<>();
	}

总结：

1.设置启动事件

2.设置关闭活跃的状态

3.获取环境对象并设置属性值

4.设置监听器以及需要发布事件的集合

重要的点：

获取环境信息，验证属性信息，getEnvironment().validateRequiredProperties();
存储预刷新的一些应用信息的监听器，在Spring中是空实现，但是SpringBoot中，是有具体的值的

方法2：obtainFreshBeanFactory() => 获得一个刷新的bean容器

获得一个刷新的bean容器，实质就是获取工厂。创建容器对象DefaultListableBeanFactory;加载xml配置文件的属性到当前的工厂中，最重要的就是BeanDefinition

AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext:

 // 只要进到这个方法，那么我们创建的一定是一个新的工厂
	@Override
	protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException {
		if (hasBeanFactory()) {
		 // 如果存在先销毁，后关闭
			destroyBeans();
			closeBeanFactory();
		}
		try {
		 // 创建bean工厂，这里使用的就是DefaultListableBeanFactory。此时创建的工厂里面的属性值都是默认值
			DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory();
			// 序列化id
			beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
			// 设置一些属性值
			customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory);
			// 加载bean的定义属性值。该方法有很多重载，非常复杂，核心是do操作
			// 完成配置文件或者配置类文件的加载
			loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory);
			synchronized (this.beanFactoryMonitor) {
				this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
			}
		}
		catch (IOException ex) {
			throw new ApplicationContextException("I/O error parsing bean definition source for " + getDisplayName(), ex);
		}
	}

方法3：prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory) => 准备（初始化）Bean工厂

为方法2拿到的工厂，设置某些具体的值

protected void prepareBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
		// Tell the internal bean factory to use the context's class loader etc.
		// 为bean工厂设置类加载器
		beanFactory.setBeanClassLoader(getClassLoader());
		// 设置SPEL解析器
		beanFactory.setBeanExpressionResolver(new StandardBeanExpressionResolver(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
		beanFactory.addPropertyEditorRegistrar(new ResourceEditorRegistrar(this, getEnvironment()));

		// Configure the bean factory with context callbacks.
		// 添加一个BeanPostProcessor
		beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(this));
		// 忽略对应接口的实现
		beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EnvironmentAware.class);
		beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EmbeddedValueResolverAware.class);
		beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ResourceLoaderAware.class);
		beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationEventPublisherAware.class);
		beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(MessageSourceAware.class);
		beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationContextAware.class);

		// BeanFactory interface not registered as resolvable type in a plain factory.
		// MessageSource registered (and found for autowiring) as a bean.
 // 注册一些依赖
		beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(BeanFactory.class, beanFactory);
		beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ResourceLoader.class, this);
		beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationEventPublisher.class, this);
		beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationContext.class, this);

		// Register early post-processor for detecting inner beans as
		// ApplicationListeners添加一个BeanPostProcessor增强器
		ApplicationListeners.
		beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(this));

		// Detect a LoadTimeWeaver and prepare for weaving, if found.
		if (beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {
			beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
			// Set a temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
			beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
		}

		// Register default environment beans.
		if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
			beanFactory.registerSingleton(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment());
		}
		if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME)) {
			beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemProperties());
		}
		if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
			beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemEnvironment());
		}
	}

方法4：postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory) => 后置增强Bean(扩展实现)

空方法，方便扩展

方法5：invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory) => 执行BFPP

实例化并且执行BeanFactoryPostProcessors

/**
	 * Instantiate and invoke all registered BeanFactoryPostProcessor beans,
	 * respecting explicit order if given.
	 * <p>Must be called before singleton instantiation.
	 * 单例对象之前一定调用，因为单例bean创建后就只有一份
	 */
	protected void invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
		PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory, getBeanFactoryPostProcessors());

		// Detect a LoadTimeWeaver and prepare for weaving, if found in the meantime
		// (e.g. through an @Bean method registered by ConfigurationClassPostProcessor)
		if (beanFactory.getTempClassLoader() == null && beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {
			beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
			beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
		}
	}

方法6：registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory) => 注册BPP

实例化并且注册所有的BeanPostProcessor。实例化Bean之前的准备工作

/**
	 * Instantiate and register all BeanPostProcessor beans,
	 * respecting explicit order if given.
	 * <p>Must be called before any instantiation of application beans.
	 */
	protected void registerBeanPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
		PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, this);
	}

方法7：initMessageSource() => 国际化设置

方法8：initApplicationEventMulticaster() => 初始化应用程序的多波器和广播器

也属于准备工作

方法9：onRefresh() => 预留给子类做扩展

空方法

方法10：registerListeners() => 注册监听器

也属于准备工作

/**
	 * Add beans that implement ApplicationListener as listeners.
	 * Doesn't affect other listeners, which can be added without being beans.
	 */
	protected void registerListeners() {
		// Register statically specified listeners first.
		for (ApplicationListener<?> listener : getApplicationListeners()) {
			getApplicationEventMulticaster().addApplicationListener(listener);
		}

		// Do not initialize FactoryBeans here: We need to leave all regular beans
		// uninitialized to let post-processors apply to them!
		String[] listenerBeanNames = getBeanNamesForType(ApplicationListener.class, true, false);
		for (String listenerBeanName : listenerBeanNames) {
			getApplicationEventMulticaster().addApplicationListenerBean(listenerBeanName);
		}

		// Publish early application events now that we finally have a multicaster...
		Set<ApplicationEvent> earlyEventsToProcess = this.earlyApplicationEvents;
		this.earlyApplicationEvents = null;
		if (earlyEventsToProcess != null) {
			for (ApplicationEvent earlyEvent : earlyEventsToProcess) {
				getApplicationEventMulticaster().multicastEvent(earlyEvent);
			}
		}
	}

方法11：finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory) => 实例化所有单例对象

面试常问，工作常用。过程比较复杂

/**
	 * Finish the initialization of this context's bean factory,
	 * initializing all remaining singleton beans.
	 */
	protected void finishBeanFactoryInitialization(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
		// Initialize conversion service for this context.
		/**
		 * 把类型转化操作，设置到当前的beanFactory里面去
		**/
		if (beanFactory.containsBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME) &&
				beanFactory.isTypeMatch(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class)) {
			beanFactory.setConversionService(
					beanFactory.getBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class));
		}

		// Register a default embedded value resolver if no bean post-processor
		// (such as a PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer bean) registered any before:
		// at this point, primarily for resolution in annotation attribute values.
		/**
		 * 判断当前的beanFactory有没有内置的值处理器
		**/
		if (!beanFactory.hasEmbeddedValueResolver()) {
			beanFactory.addEmbeddedValueResolver(strVal -> getEnvironment().resolvePlaceholders(strVal));
		}

		// Initialize LoadTimeWeaverAware beans early to allow for registering their transformers early.
		/**
		 * 织入Aware
		**/
		String[] weaverAwareNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(LoadTimeWeaverAware.class, false, false);
		for (String weaverAwareName : weaverAwareNames) {
			getBean(weaverAwareName);
		}

		// Stop using the temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
		// 设置类加载器
		beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(null);

		// Allow for caching all bean definition metadata, not expecting further changes.
		/**
		 * 冻结：某些bean不需要进行修改操作了，放入
		**/
		beanFactory.freezeConfiguration();

		// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
		/**
		 * 实例化所有非懒加载的实例对象(重要)
		**/
		beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons();
	}

实例化所有非懒加载的实例对象方法：

@Override
	public void preInstantiateSingletons() throws BeansException {
		if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
			logger.trace("Pre-instantiating singletons in " + this);
		}

		// Iterate over a copy to allow for init methods which in turn register new bean definitions.
		// While this may not be part of the regular factory bootstrap, it does otherwise work fine.
		/**
		 * 拿到所有注册bean的名称
		 **/
		List<String> beanNames = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames);

		// Trigger initialization of all non-lazy singleton beans...
		// 循环去创建我们需要的单例对象
		for (String beanName : beanNames) {
		 // 拿到bean的定义信息，就是我们在xml配置文件里面指定的一些属性
			RootBeanDefinition bd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
			// 是否是抽象的，是否是单例的，是否是懒加载的
			if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) {
			 // 判断当前类是否实现了factoryBean接口。一般没实现，直接进入下面的getBean
				if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) {
					Object bean = getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName);
					if (bean instanceof FactoryBean) {
						final FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean<?>) bean;
						boolean isEagerInit;
						if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean) {
							isEagerInit = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Boolean>)
											((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory)::isEagerInit,
									getAccessControlContext());
						}
						else {
							isEagerInit = (factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean &&
									((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit());
						}
						if (isEagerInit) {
							getBean(beanName);
						}
					}
				}
				else {
				 // 通过beanName。拿到bean
					getBean(beanName);
				}
			}
		}

		// Trigger post-initialization callback for all applicable beans...
		for (String beanName : beanNames) {
			Object singletonInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
			if (singletonInstance instanceof SmartInitializingSingleton) {
				final SmartInitializingSingleton smartSingleton = (SmartInitializingSingleton) singletonInstance;
				if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
					AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
						smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
						return null;
					}, getAccessControlContext());
				}
				else {
					smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
				}
			}
		}
	}

重要方法：

getMergedLocalBeanDefinition

/**
	 * Return a merged RootBeanDefinition, traversing the parent bean definition
	 * if the specified bean corresponds to a child bean definition.
	 * @param beanName the name of the bean to retrieve the merged definition for
	 * @return a (potentially merged) RootBeanDefinition for the given bean
	 * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException if there is no bean with the given name
	 * @throws BeanDefinitionStoreException in case of an invalid bean definition
	 */
	 // 返回一个合并好的RootBeanDefinition。整合子类和父类
	protected RootBeanDefinition getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(String beanName) throws BeansException {
		// Quick check on the concurrent map first, with minimal locking.
		RootBeanDefinition mbd = this.mergedBeanDefinitions.get(beanName);
		if (mbd != null && !mbd.stale) {
			return mbd;
		}
		return getMergedBeanDefinition(beanName, getBeanDefinition(beanName));
	}

getBean() => doGetBean()

/**
	 * Return an instance, which may be shared or independent, of the specified bean.
	 * @param name the name of the bean to retrieve
	 * @param requiredType the required type of the bean to retrieve
	 * @param args arguments to use when creating a bean instance using explicit arguments
	 * (only applied when creating a new instance as opposed to retrieving an existing one)
	 * @param typeCheckOnly whether the instance is obtained for a type check,
	 * not for actual use
	 * @return an instance of the bean
	 * @throws BeansException if the bean could not be created
	 */
	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	protected <T> T doGetBean(final String name, @Nullable final Class<T> requiredType,
			@Nullable final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException {

 // 获取beanName
		final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
		Object bean;

		// Eagerly check singleton cache for manually registered singletons.
		// 单例检查，如果一级，二级，三级缓存中存在该Bean,直接获取到了
		Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
		if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
					logger.trace("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName +
							"' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
				}
				else {
					logger.trace("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
				}
			}
			bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
		}

		else {
			// Fail if we're already creating this bean instance:
			// We're assumably within a circular reference.
			// 如果是单例对象的话，尝试解决循环依赖问题
			if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
				throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
			}

			// Check if bean definition exists in this factory.
			// 获取父类容器
			BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
			if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
				// Not found -> check parent.
				String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
				if (parentBeanFactory instanceof AbstractBeanFactory) {
					return ((AbstractBeanFactory) parentBeanFactory).doGetBean(
							nameToLookup, requiredType, args, typeCheckOnly);
				}
				else if (args != null) {
					// Delegation to parent with explicit args.
					return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
				}
				else if (requiredType != null) {
					// No args -> delegate to standard getBean method.
					return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
				}
				else {
					return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup);
				}
			}

  // 标志位。如果不是类型检查，表示要创建bean,此处在集合中做一个记录
			if (!typeCheckOnly) {
				markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
			}

			try {
			 // 获取beanDefinition
				final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
				// 检测beanDefinition
				checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);

				// Guarantee initialization of beans that the current bean depends on.
				// 检查当前的bean是否有其他依赖的bean
				String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
				if (dependsOn != null) {
				 // 如果有依赖的bean,我们要先递归解决其他依赖的bean
					for (String dep : dependsOn) {
						if (isDependent(beanName, dep)) {
							throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
									"Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'");
						}
						registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);
						try {
							getBean(dep);
						}
						catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
							throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
									"'" + beanName + "' depends on missing bean '" + dep + "'", ex);
						}
					}
				}

				// Create bean instance.
				// 是否是单例的
				if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
					sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
						try {
							return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
						}
						catch (BeansException ex) {
							// Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
							// eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
							// Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
							destroySingleton(beanName);
							throw ex;
						}
					});
					bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
				}

				else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
					// It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
					Object prototypeInstance = null;
					try {
						beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
						prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
					}
					finally {
						afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
					}
					bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
				}

				else {
					String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
					final Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
					if (scope == null) {
						throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'");
					}
					try {
						Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> {
							beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
							try {
								return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
							}
							finally {
								afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
							}
						});
						bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
					}
					catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
						throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
								"Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; consider " +
								"defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton",
								ex);
					}
				}
			}
			catch (BeansException ex) {
				cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
				throw ex;
			}
		}

		// Check if required type matches the type of the actual bean instance.
		if (requiredType != null && !requiredType.isInstance(bean)) {
			try {
				T convertedBean = getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType);
				if (convertedBean == null) {
					throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
				}
				return convertedBean;
			}
			catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
				if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
					logger.trace("Failed to convert bean '" + name + "' to required type '" +
							ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType) + "'", ex);
				}
				throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
			}
		}
		return (T) bean;
	}

getSingleton

/**
	 * Return the (raw) singleton object registered under the given name,
	 * creating and registering a new one if none registered yet.
	 * @param beanName the name of the bean
	 * @param singletonFactory the ObjectFactory to lazily create the singleton
	 * with, if necessary
	 * @return the registered singleton object
	 */
	public Object getSingleton(String beanName, ObjectFactory<?> singletonFactory) {
		Assert.notNull(beanName, "Bean name must not be null");
		synchronized (this.singletonObjects) {
			Object singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
			if (singletonObject == null) {
				if (this.singletonsCurrentlyInDestruction) {
					throw new BeanCreationNotAllowedException(beanName,
							"Singleton bean creation not allowed while singletons of this factory are in destruction " +
							"(Do not request a bean from a BeanFactory in a destroy method implementation!)");
				}
				if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
					logger.debug("Creating shared instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
				}
				beforeSingletonCreation(beanName);
				boolean newSingleton = false;
				boolean recordSuppressedExceptions = (this.suppressedExceptions == null);
				if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {
					this.suppressedExceptions = new LinkedHashSet<>();
				}
				try {
				 // 实际上就是调用了CreateBean
					singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();
					newSingleton = true;
				}
				catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
					// Has the singleton object implicitly appeared in the meantime ->
					// if yes, proceed with it since the exception indicates that state.
					singletonObject = this.singletonObjects.get(beanName);
					if (singletonObject == null) {
						throw ex;
					}
				}
				catch (BeanCreationException ex) {
					if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {
						for (Exception suppressedException : this.suppressedExceptions) {
							ex.addRelatedCause(suppressedException);
						}
					}
					throw ex;
				}
				finally {
					if (recordSuppressedExceptions) {
						this.suppressedExceptions = null;
					}
					afterSingletonCreation(beanName);
				}
				if (newSingleton) {
					addSingleton(beanName, singletonObject);
				}
			}
			return singletonObject;
		}
	}

doCreateBean => 通过上方法的singletonObject = singletonFactory.getObject();进入的

/**
	 * Actually create the specified bean. Pre-creation processing has already happened
	 * at this point, e.g. checking {@code postProcessBeforeInstantiation} callbacks.
	 * <p>Differentiates between default bean instantiation, use of a
	 * factory method, and autowiring a constructor.
	 * @param beanName the name of the bean
	 * @param mbd the merged bean definition for the bean
	 * @param args explicit arguments to use for constructor or factory method invocation
	 * @return a new instance of the bean
	 * @throws BeanCreationException if the bean could not be created
	 * @see #instantiateBean
	 * @see #instantiateUsingFactoryMethod
	 * @see #autowireConstructor
	 */
	protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final @Nullable Object[] args)
			throws BeanCreationException {

		// Instantiate the bean.
		BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
		if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
			instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
		}
		if (instanceWrapper == null) {
		 /**
		 * 核心的创建实例化Bean的过程
		 **/
			instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
		}
		final Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance();
		Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass();
		if (beanType != NullBean.class) {
			mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType;
		}

		// Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition.
		synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
			if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
				try {
					applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
				}
				catch (Throwable ex) {
					throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
							"Post-processing of merged bean definition failed", ex);
				}
				mbd.postProcessed = true;
			}
		}

		// Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references
		// even when triggered by lifecycle interfaces like BeanFactoryAware.
		boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
				isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
				
		/**
		 * 解决循环依赖。使用三级缓存
		**/
		if (earlySingletonExposure) {
			if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
				logger.trace("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
						"' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
			}
			addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
		}

		// Initialize the bean instance.
		Object exposedObject = bean;
		try {
		 /**
		 * 填充属性，上文的实例化只是默认属性值。填充属性是初始化的第一步，第二步是执行init方法
		 **/
			populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
			/**
			 * 执行init方法
			**/
			exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
				throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
			}
			else {
				throw new BeanCreationException(
						mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
			}
		}

		if (earlySingletonExposure) {
			Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
			if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
				if (exposedObject == bean) {
					exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
				}
				else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
					String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
					Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<>(dependentBeans.length);
					for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
						if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
							actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
						}
					}
					if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
						throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
								"Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
								StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
								"] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
								"wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
								"bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
								"'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
					}
				}
			}
		}

		// Register bean as disposable.
		try {
		 /**
		 * 需要销毁的时候，销毁的钩子函数
		 **/
			registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
		}
		catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(
					mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
		}

		return exposedObject;
	}

面试题：为甚么循环依赖的解决要使用三级缓存？

createBeanInstance => 核心的创建和实例化bean的过程，由doCreateBean调用

大量的反射出现在该方法中，用来创建对象

/**
	 * Create a new instance for the specified bean, using an appropriate instantiation strategy:
	 * factory method, constructor autowiring, or simple instantiation.
	 * @param beanName the name of the bean
	 * @param mbd the bean definition for the bean
	 * @param args explicit arguments to use for constructor or factory method invocation
	 * @return a BeanWrapper for the new instance
	 * @see #obtainFromSupplier
	 * @see #instantiateUsingFactoryMethod
	 * @see #autowireConstructor
	 * @see #instantiateBean
	 */
	protected BeanWrapper createBeanInstance(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args) {
		// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
		Class<?> beanClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);

		if (beanClass != null && !Modifier.isPublic(beanClass.getModifiers()) && !mbd.isNonPublicAccessAllowed()) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
					"Bean class isn't public, and non-public access not allowed: " + beanClass.getName());
		}

		Supplier<?> instanceSupplier = mbd.getInstanceSupplier();
		if (instanceSupplier != null) {
			return obtainFromSupplier(instanceSupplier, beanName);
		}

		if (mbd.getFactoryMethodName() != null) {
			return instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(beanName, mbd, args);
		}

		// Shortcut when re-creating the same bean...
		boolean resolved = false;
		boolean autowireNecessary = false;
		if (args == null) {
			synchronized (mbd.constructorArgumentLock) {
				if (mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod != null) {
					resolved = true;
					autowireNecessary = mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved;
				}
			}
		}
		if (resolved) {
			if (autowireNecessary) {
				return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, null, null);
			}
			else {
				return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
			}
		}

		// Candidate constructors for autowiring?
		// 构造器
		Constructor<?>[] ctors = determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors(beanClass, beanName);
		if (ctors != null || mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR ||
				mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues() || !ObjectUtils.isEmpty(args)) {
			return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, args);
		}

		// Preferred constructors for default construction?
		ctors = mbd.getPreferredConstructors();
		if (ctors != null) {
			return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, null);
		}

		// No special handling: simply use no-arg constructor.
		/**
		 * 默认无参构造
		 **/
		return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
	}

instantiateBean(beanName, mbd) => 默认无参构造

/**
	 * Instantiate the given bean using its default constructor.
	 * @param beanName the name of the bean
	 * @param mbd the bean definition for the bean
	 * @return a BeanWrapper for the new instance
	 */
	protected BeanWrapper instantiateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
		try {
			Object beanInstance;
			final BeanFactory parent = this;
			if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
				beanInstance = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () ->
				 // 实例化只会分配内存空间，设置默认值
						getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent),
						getAccessControlContext());
			}
			else {
				beanInstance = getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent);
			}
			BeanWrapper bw = new BeanWrapperImpl(beanInstance);
			initBeanWrapper(bw);
			return bw;
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(
					mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Instantiation of bean failed", ex);
		}
	}

instantiate

@Override
	public Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner) {
		// Don't override the class with CGLIB if no overrides.
		if (!bd.hasMethodOverrides()) {
			Constructor<?> constructorToUse;
			synchronized (bd.constructorArgumentLock) {
				constructorToUse = (Constructor<?>) bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod;
				if (constructorToUse == null) {
					final Class<?> clazz = bd.getBeanClass();
					if (clazz.isInterface()) {
						throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "Specified class is an interface");
					}
					try {
						if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
							constructorToUse = AccessController.doPrivileged(
									(PrivilegedExceptionAction<Constructor<?>>) clazz::getDeclaredConstructor);
						}
						else {
							constructorToUse = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor();
						}
						bd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod = constructorToUse;
					}
					catch (Throwable ex) {
						throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "No default constructor found", ex);
					}
				}
			}
			return BeanUtils.instantiateClass(constructorToUse);
		}
		else {
			// Must generate CGLIB subclass.
			return instantiateWithMethodInjection(bd, beanName, owner);
		}
	}

BeanUtils.instantiateClass => 通过构造器反射创建bean

/**
	 * Convenience method to instantiate a class using the given constructor.
	 * <p>Note that this method tries to set the constructor accessible if given a
	 * non-accessible (that is, non-public) constructor, and supports Kotlin classes
	 * with optional parameters and default values.
	 * @param ctor the constructor to instantiate
	 * @param args the constructor arguments to apply (use {@code null} for an unspecified
	 * parameter, Kotlin optional parameters and Java primitive types are supported)
	 * @return the new instance
	 * @throws BeanInstantiationException if the bean cannot be instantiated
	 * @see Constructor#newInstance
	 */
	public static <T> T instantiateClass(Constructor<T> ctor, Object... args) throws BeanInstantiationException {
		Assert.notNull(ctor, "Constructor must not be null");
		try {
			ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(ctor);
			if (KotlinDetector.isKotlinReflectPresent() && KotlinDetector.isKotlinType(ctor.getDeclaringClass())) {
				return KotlinDelegate.instantiateClass(ctor, args);
			}
			else {
				Class<?>[] parameterTypes = ctor.getParameterTypes();
				Assert.isTrue(args.length <= parameterTypes.length, "Can't specify more arguments than constructor parameters");
				Object[] argsWithDefaultValues = new Object[args.length];
				for (int i = 0 ; i < args.length; i++) {
					if (args[i] == null) {
						Class<?> parameterType = parameterTypes[i];
						argsWithDefaultValues[i] = (parameterType.isPrimitive() ? DEFAULT_TYPE_VALUES.get(parameterType) : null);
					}
					else {
						argsWithDefaultValues[i] = args[i];
					}
				}
				return ctor.newInstance(argsWithDefaultValues);
			}
		}
		catch (InstantiationException ex) {
			throw new BeanInstantiationException(ctor, "Is it an abstract class?", ex);
		}
		catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
			throw new BeanInstantiationException(ctor, "Is the constructor accessible?", ex);
		}
		catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {
			throw new BeanInstantiationException(ctor, "Illegal arguments for constructor", ex);
		}
		catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
			throw new BeanInstantiationException(ctor, "Constructor threw exception", ex.getTargetException());
		}
	}

方法12：finishRefresh() => 完成刷新

/**
	 * Finish the refresh of this context, invoking the LifecycleProcessor's
	 * onRefresh() method and publishing the
	 * {@link org.springframework.context.event.ContextRefreshedEvent}.
	 */
	protected void finishRefresh() {
		// Clear context-level resource caches (such as ASM metadata from scanning).
		// 
		clearResourceCaches();

		// Initialize lifecycle processor for this context.
		initLifecycleProcessor();

		// Propagate refresh to lifecycle processor first.
		getLifecycleProcessor().onRefresh();

		// Publish the final event.
		publishEvent(new ContextRefreshedEvent(this));

		// Participate in LiveBeansView MBean, if active.
		LiveBeansView.registerApplicationContext(this);
	}

方法13：resetCommonCaches() => 缓存重置

/**
	 * Reset Spring's common reflection metadata caches, in particular the
	 * {@link ReflectionUtils}, {@link AnnotationUtils}, {@link ResolvableType}
	 * and {@link CachedIntrospectionResults} caches.
	 * @since 4.2
	 * @see ReflectionUtils#clearCache()
	 * @see AnnotationUtils#clearCache()
	 * @see ResolvableType#clearCache()
	 * @see CachedIntrospectionResults#clearClassLoader(ClassLoader)
	 */
	protected void resetCommonCaches() {
		ReflectionUtils.clearCache();
		AnnotationUtils.clearCache();
		ResolvableType.clearCache();
		CachedIntrospectionResults.clearClassLoader(getClassLoader());
	}

最后回顾整个流程概览图：

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