Matplotlib绘制雷达图和三维图的示例代码

发布日期： 2026-01-12 阅读量： 作者： 用户投稿

1.雷达图

程序示例

'''1.空白极坐标图'''
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
 
plt.polar()
plt.show()
 
'''2.绘制一个极坐标点'''
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# 极坐标(0.25*pi,20)
plt.polar(0.25*np.pi, 20, 'ro', lw=2)  # 'ro'红色圆点
plt.ylim(0,50)
plt.show()
 
'''3.绘制多个极坐标点'''
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
theta = np.array([0.25,0.5,0.75,1,1.25,1.5,1.75,2])
r = [75,60,50,70,50,85,45,70]
plt.polar(theta*np.pi, r, 'ro', lw=2)  # 'ro'红色圆点
plt.ylim(0,100)
plt.show()
 
'''4.链接极坐标点'''
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
theta = np.array([0.25,0.5,0.75,1,1.25,1.5,1.75,2])
r = [75,60,50,70,50,85,45,70]
plt.polar(theta*np.pi, r, 'ro-', lw=2)
plt.ylim(0,100)
plt.show()
 
'''5.闭合链接极坐标点'''
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# 只需在末尾添加一个和起始点重合的点
theta = np.array([0.25,0.5,0.75,1,1.25,1.5,1.75,2,0.25])
r = [75,60,50,70,50,85,45,70, 75]
plt.polar(theta*np.pi, r, 'ro-', lw=2)
plt.ylim(0,100)
plt.show()
 
'''6.填充颜色'''
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# 只需在末尾添加一个和起始点重合的点
theta = np.array([0.25,0.5,0.75,1,1.25,1.5,1.75,2,0.25])
r = [75,60,50,70,50,85,45,70, 75]
plt.polar(theta*np.pi, r, 'ro-', lw=2)
plt.fill(theta*np.pi, r, facecolor='r', alpha=0.5) # 填充
plt.ylim(0,100)
plt.show()
 
'''7.绘制成绩雷达图'''
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
 
courses = ['C++', 'Python', 'Java', 'C', 'C#', 'Go', 'Matlab']
scores = [82,100,90,78,40,66,88]
 
datalength = len(scores)
angles = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, datalength, endpoint=False)  # 均分极坐标
 
scores.append(scores[0])  # 在末尾添加第一个值，保证曲线闭合
angles = np.append(angles, angles[0])
 
plt.polar(angles, scores, 'rv-', lw=2)
plt.thetagrids(angles*180/np.pi, courses, fontproperties='simhei')
plt.fill(angles, scores, facecolor='r', alpha=0.4)

2.三维图

程序示例

'''1.绘制三维曲线，并设置图例字号'''
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.font_manager as fm
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D # 不可缺少
 
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')  # 设置图像属性
 
# 测试数据
theta = np.linspace(-4 * np.pi, 4*np.pi, 100)
z = np.linspace(-4,4,100) * 0.3
r = z**4 + 1
x = r*np.sin(theta)
y = r*np.cos(theta)
 
ax.plot(x,y,z,'b^-', label='3D 测试曲线')
# 设置图例的字体，字号
font = fm.FontProperties('simhei')
mpl.rcParams['legend.fontsize'] = 10
ax.legend(prop=font)
 
plt.show()
 
'''2.绘制三维柱状图，并每个柱子颜色随机'''
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import mpl_toolkits.mplot3d
 
x = np.random.randint(0,40,10)
y = np.random.randint(0,40,10)
z = 80*abs(np.sin(x+y))
 
ax = plt.subplot(projection='3d')
 
for xx, yy, zz in zip(x,y,z):
  color = np.random.random(3)
  ax.bar3d(xx, yy, 0, dx=1, dy=1, dz=zz, color=color)
 
ax.set_xlabel('X轴', fontproperties='simhei')
ax.set_ylabel('Y轴', fontproperties='simhei')
ax.set_zlabel('Z轴', fontproperties='simhei')
 
plt.show()

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